An accurate algorithm of PMU-based wide area measurements for fault detection using positive-sequence voltage and unwrapped dynamic angles

Modern power system requires advanced and intelligent sensors-based protection such as a Phasor Measurement Unit that can provide faster, accurate, real-time data acquisition. The aim is to allow accurate action-based performance for analysts in monitoring the transmission lines so rapid actions be taken during abnormal circumstances before blackout occurs. Among different algorithms, this study focuses on modelling non-recursive phasor estimation method Simulink environment standard test equipped with developed algorithm detect fault zone. includes an index faulty bus classification based positive-sequence voltage measurements of pre-fault post-fault conditions, where maximum differential percentage identified faulted bus. An important differentiation work proposed coordinate all measurement units accurately determine line using unwrapped dynamic phase angles. Furthermore, robustness indices analyzed presence sudden load change, noise, nonlinear high-impedance faults. comprehensive investigated IEEE 9-bus 39-bus systems by applying faults scenarios, considering several factors inception angles, line-fault resistance, ground-fault resistance. comparative studies have shown play significant role segregating non-fault they are needed supervise appropriate relays enhancing overall security grid.